AP World History: Modern Practice Test (2026)

Which of the following best describes a significant impact of the innovations developed during the Song Dynasty (960-1279 CE)?

Which of the following was a major political consequence of the decline of the Abbasid Caliphate in the period 1200-1450 CE?

The Bhakti movement emerged in India during the period 1200-1450 CE. Which of the following best describes the primary characteristic of the Bhakti movement?

The Inca Empire of South America (c. 1438-1533 CE) developed a distinctive labor system known as the mita. Which of the following best describes the purpose and function of the mita system?

"The king of Mali rules a land of remarkable safety and justice. I have never seen in any country such effective law and order. Travelers on the roads need fear neither bandits nor seizure by corrupt officials; any wrong committed against a foreign visitor is corrected at once by the Sultan's command. The source of the Mansa's power is plain: the caravans that reach his court from the salt mines of Taghaza to the north and the gold fields of Bambuk to the south pay tribute at every crossing. The gold flows outward to the cities of the Maghreb and beyond, and the Mansa grows wealthy upon the commerce he commands."

The conditions described in the passage most directly support which of the following conclusions about the foundation of the Mali Empire's wealth and political power in the period 1200-1450 CE?

Which of the following best characterizes the political structure of Western Europe in the period 1200-1450 CE?

When comparing the political structures of the Song Dynasty of China and the various states in Western Europe during the period 1200-1450 CE, which of the following statements is most accurate?

Which of the following best describes the primary impact of the Mongol conquests on the established states and civilizations of Eurasia in the thirteenth century?

The Pax Mongolica (approximately 1250-1350 CE) most directly contributed to which of the following developments in Eurasian history?

The Mongol Empire eventually fragmented into four major successor states known as khanates. Which of the following best explains why the Mongol Empire fragmented despite its initial military successes?

Despite their reputation as destructive conquerors, Mongol rulers often adopted aspects of the religious and administrative traditions of the peoples they governed. Which of the following best illustrates this pattern of cultural adaptation?

"The city of Khanbaliq, where the Great Khan holds his court, is so vast and so full of rich merchandise that no other city in the world can compare. Every day there arrive in this city caravans laden with silks, spices, jewels, and precious stones, brought from every part of Asia. Foreign merchants from Persia, India, and the Arab lands are welcomed to trade in the markets. The Great Khan has also caused paper to be made into currency, stamped with his seal and accepted throughout the realm, so that merchants may carry great wealth without the burden of gold."

The conditions described in the passage most directly support which of the following conclusions about the Yuan dynasty's rule of China in the period 1271–1368 CE?

Image description: A detailed painting from the Song Dynasty depicting a bustling city scene. Merchants are selling goods, scholars are walking by, and boats are moving along a canal. The architecture shows multi-story buildings with intricate roofs. Some figures are using what appears to be paper money.

The Black Death, which devastated populations across Eurasia in the mid-fourteenth century, is believed to have spread most directly as a result of which of the following factors?

“I travelled to the city of Makkah, the Holy City, and performed the pilgrimage. I then visited Syria, Palestine, and Egypt, and sailed down the Nile. From there I went to East Africa, then to Oman, and across the Persian Gulf to Persia. I continued through Central Asia to India, and then to Southeast Asia and China. Throughout my travels, I found that the people of these lands, though diverse in customs and languages, were united by the common bond of Islam, facilitating trade, scholarship, and social interaction.”

Which of the following best describes the long-term historical significance of the Mongol Empire for world history?

Map description: A map of West Africa and the Sahara Desert in the 14th century. It shows major trade routes crisscrossing the Sahara, connecting cities like Sijilmasa, Taghaza, Timbuktu, Gao, and Jenne. Arrows indicate the flow of goods, with gold and slaves moving north, and salt, textiles, and manufactured goods moving south.

Which of the following best describes the role of Indian Ocean trade networks in the period 1200-1450 CE?

“The agreement between Lord and Vassal was a solemn one. The Vassal would kneel before his Lord, place his hands between the Lord’s, and declare himself 'your man.' He would swear an oath of fealty, promising loyalty, military service, and counsel. In return, the Lord would grant the Vassal a fief, typically land, which provided the Vassal with the means to support himself and his family, as well as the resources to fulfill his military obligations.”

Which of the following best explains why the period 1200-1450 CE is considered a significant era of cross-cultural exchange in world history?

Image description: A photograph of Angkor Wat in Cambodia. The complex features massive stone temples with intricate carvings, multiple towers (prangs), and large moats. Some carvings clearly depict Hindu deities and mythological scenes, while others show Buddhist figures and narratives.

The photograph most directly supports which of the following conclusions about the development of religious and cultural traditions in South and Southeast Asia during the period 1200-1450?